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ObjectiveTo understand the distribution characteristics of soil metal pollution around an abandoned rare earth ore in Jiangxi and the health impact on the surrounding residents. MethodsAccording to the distribution of abandoned rare earth ore， the village was divided into mining and non-mining areas. The prevalence of chronic diseases among residents over 15 years old in the village was collected through a self-designed questionnaire. Twenty-three soil samples were collected. The contents of rare earth metals （including lanthanum， cerium， praseodymium， and neodymium） and heavy metals （including arsenic （metalloids）， cadmium， and lead） in the soil samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. ResultsThe metal content showed a cumulative increasing trend. One of the23 sampling sites showed mild cadmium pollution. Compared with non-mining farmland， the metal content of farmland soil around the abandoned rare earth mine was relatively higher. The residents' top six self-reported chronic diseases were hypertension， chronic bronchitis， diabetes， stroke， hyperlipidemia， and cataract. The prevalence of hypertension in mining area was higher than non-mining area （χ2=4.141， P=0.042）. The main related factors for hypertension in residents were the increase in age （OR=14.576， 95%CI： 2.773‒76.605） and body mass index （OR=3.147， 95%CI： 1.121‒8.835）. ConclusionAbandoned rare earth ore may have a potential impact on the health of surrounding residents.
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Objective:To analyze the risk factors of pulmonary hemorrhage in very low and extremely low birth weight, and to provide reference for the treatment of pulmonary hemorrhage.Methods:The clinical data of very low and extremely low birth weight infants hospitalized in Qingdao Women and Children′s Hospital NICU from January 2017 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Eighty-six infants who were diagnosed with pulmonary hemorrhage were selected as the pulmonary hemorrhage group, and two hundred and two infants without pulmonary hemorrhage were selected as the control group.The differences of the survival rates, complications and parameters of platelet between the two groups were compared, and the risk factors of pulmonary hemorrhage by multivariate Logistic regression were analyzed.Results:The survival rate of pulmonary hemorrhage group and control group were 65.1%(56/86) and 90.1%(182/202), respectively.The survival rate of control group was significantly higher than that in the pulmonary hemorrhage group( χ2=26.241, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in fluid intake between the two groups within three days after birth( t=0.936, 1.811, 1.840, P=0.350, 0.073, 0.069). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus( OR=2.304, 95% CI: 0.213~1.564, P=0.010), disseminated intravascular coagulation( OR=3.143, 95% CI: 0.061~2.521, P=0.028), thrombocytopenia( OR=0.991, 95% CI: -0.015~-0.005, P=0.001) and low mean platelet volume( OR=0.337, 95% CI: -1.657~-0.739, P=0.001) were the risk factors of pulmonary hemorrhage. Conclusion:Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus, disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenia and low mean platelet volume were associated with increased risks for pulmonary hemorrhage in very low and extremely low birth weight.These risk factors should be actively monitored and treated, which is helpful to early identify and prevent pulmonary hemorrhage.
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To improve overall satisfaction of patients with the hospital and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship, a survey on satisfaction of patients with ECG examination was conducted in a tertiary A hospital. The analysis was carried out from the aspects of inspection environment, inspection process, inspection experience and overall satisfaction. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of various variables on satisfaction. This paper found that the overall satisfaction rate of patients with ECG examination was 85.18%, lower than that of outpatients. Patients with different characteristics had different satisfaction degree with ECG examination. Patient satisfaction was lower on Mondays and Wednesdays than that on other inspection days, and was lower between 10 a.m. and 14 p.m. The longer the waiting time, the lower satisfaction degree of patients with examination. Based on the results, hospitals should improve the construction of humanistic soft environment to improve the medical environment, scientifically plan the medical treatment process of ECG examination, and further strengthen doctor-patient communication. The ECG room should further promote its management level and strengthen its cultural construction.
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Objective:To explore the lag effect and correlation between daily average temperature and the incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Hebei Province.Methods:The data of meteorological factors (including temperature and average daily temperature) and the daily incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Zhangjiakou City, Chengde City, Tangshan City, Qinhuangdao City, Baoding City, Langfang City, Cangzhou City, Shijiazhuang City, Hengshui City, Xingtai City, and Handan City in Hebei Province from 2017 to 2020 were collected. Eleven prefecture-level cities were divided into four regions, including east, north, middle and south regions. Distributed lag non-linear model was applied to examine the non-linear associations and the lag effect of daily mean temperature on daily incidence of other infectious diarrhea. Meanwhile, the cold and hot effects were used to estinuate the lag-response relationship on the incidence of other infectious diarrhea.Results:A total of 231 008 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported in Hebei Province. The seasonal distribution was obvious, showing a bimodal distribution of large peaks in summer and small peaks in winter. An inverse S-shaped association between average daily temperature and cumulative risk ratio ( RR) of other infectious diarrhea was observed in Hebei Province. Both high temperature (higher than 27.50 ℃) and low temperature (less than 13.67 ℃) could increase the risk of other infectious diarrhea. When the temperature was lower than 13.00 ℃, the lag time and RR had a U-shaped association (lag four to seven days, 23 to 30 days). Meanwhile, when it was higher than 13.00 ℃, it had an inverted U-shaped association (lag 5 to 21 days). A comparison of four regions of Hebei Province showed that the lag time from south to north was extended from six days to 30 days at low temperature effects with temperature P5=-7.24 ℃. When the temperature getting hot ( P95=28.25 ℃), the risk occurred at lag 0 days, and the lag time gradually got short from north to south. Thus, the high temperature effect reached maximum quickly with a relative short duration. Conclusions:The inverse S-shaped non-linear association between daily average temperature and the incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Hebei Province is observed. Both low temperature and high temperature are associated with increased risk of other infectious diarrhea. But the impact of low temperature is more notable, which has a relative long duration.
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Background It has been found that fluoride may cause cell damage by inducing intracellular calcium overload. Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) plays an important role in maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis, but the effect of fluoride on renal SOCE is unknown. Objective To explore the renal toxicity and the expression levels of the key proteins of SOCE, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (ORAI1) in the kidney tissues of mice exposed to fluoride subchronically. Methods Twenty male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups with five mice in each group, including 0 (control group), 0.3, 3, and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups. The mice were given drinking water containing designed fluoride for 12 weeks. Body weight and liver and kidney organ coefficients of the mice were measured after the exposure; histopathological changes of the mouse kidney were observed; 24 h urine was collected at the end of 12 weeks of exposure to determine the levels of urine creatinine (UCr), urine calcium (UCa), albumin (ALB), and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG); the protein expression levels of STIM1 and ORAI1 in the kidney were detected by Western blotting; the fluorescence co-localization of STIM1 and ORAI1 was used to further verify the expression levels of STIM1 and ORAI1. Results After the exposure, there were no differences in body weight as well as liver and kidney organ coefficients among the groups (P > 0.05). Under optical microscope, the renal tubular cell showed degeneration, apical protrusion, shedding, and dilation in the 3 and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups. There was no statistical difference in UCr among the mice in each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of UCa adjusted by UCr in the 3 and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups were (0.075±0.014) and (0.081±0.012) mol·mol−1 (represent by UCr per mol), which had a rising trend but showed no statistical difference. No difference was identified in the level of ALB among the groups (P > 0.05). The levels of β2-MG showed difference in different exposure groups, and the level of urine β2-MG in the 30 mg·L−1 fluoride group was (0.077±0.014) g·mol−1, higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Based on the results of Western blotting, the protein expression levels of STIM1 and ORAI1 showed significant differences among the groups (F=18.411, 6.853; P=0.001, 0.013); compared with the control group, the expression levels of STIM1 protein increased in the 3 and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups (P < 0.05), and the protein expression level of ORAI1 in the 30 mg·L−1 fluoride group was increased (P < 0.05). The fluorescence co-localization results of STIM1 and ORAI1 showed that the expressions of STIM1 and ORAI1 were up-regulated in the 3 and 30 mg·L−1 fluoride groups. Conclusion Subchronic exposure to fluoride through drinking water can up-regulate the expression levels of STIM1 and ORAI1 in renal tissues and induce renal injury.
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Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients with gross hematuria.Methods:The clinical and pathological data of 490 primary IgAN patients admitted in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2010 to June 2019 were analyzed. Patients were divided into gross hematuria group and non-gross hematuria group. The clinical and pathological features and prognosis were compared between the two groups. All patients were diagnosed by kidney biopsy, and followed up until June 30, 2020. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to examine the renal survival,and Cox regression model was used to analyze the risk factors affecting renal survival in two groups.Results:Among 490 patients there were 111 patients (22.7%) in the gross hematuria group and 379 patients (77.3%) in the non-gross hematuria group. Age, hypertension, 24-h urine protein, serum creatinine, blood uric acid, blood triglycerides, total blood cholesterol level, mesangial cell hyperplasia (M1), the proportion of renal tubular atrophy or renal interstitial fibrosis (T1/2) in gross hematuria group were lower than those in non-gross hematuria group ( P<0.05), while the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in gross hematuria group was higher than those in non-gross hematuria group ( P<0.05). Four hundred and twenty six patients (86.9%) were followed up for at least 6 months, including 93 patients in gross hematuria group and 333 patients in non-gross hematuria group. There was no statistically significant difference in treatment method between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of end-point events in non-gross hematuria group was higher than that in gross hematuria group [18.6%(62/333) vs. 6.5%(6/93), χ2=8.023, P<0.05]. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative renal survival rate of the gross hematuria group was higher than that of the non gross hematuria group (χ2=11.44, P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that urine protein>1 g/24 h, eGFR<60 ml·min -1·(1.73 m 2) -1, hypertension, hyperuricemia and the elevated serum IgA/C3 were risk factors for renal survival [ HR(95% CI)=3.457(1.137-10.514),2.736(1.073-6.977),2.720(1.144-6.465),2.789(1.102-7.060),1.070(1.009-1.135), all P<0.05]. Conclusions:IgAN patients with gross hematuria has less severe kidney damage and higher cumulative renal survival rate than non-gross hematuria patients. Urinary protein>1.0 g/d, hypertension, hyperuricemia and the elevated serum IgA/C3 are risk factors for adverse end-point events, to which timely attention and corresponding treatment should be given.
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Objective:To explore the relationship between moral sense of life and prosocial behavior among medical students, and the multiple mediating effects of meaning in life and empathy.Methods:A total of 721 medical students from Weifang Medical University were tested with moral sense of life scale (MSLS), meaning in life questionnaire (MLQ), interpersonal reactivity index-C (IRI-C) and prosocial behavior tendency scale (PBTS). Common method bias test, Spearman correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data using SPSS 22.0 software, and PROCESS macro program was used to test the mediating effect of meaning in life and empathy between moral sense of life and prosocial behavior.Results:Moral sense of life, meaning in life, empathy and prosocial behavior were significantly positively correlated with each other( r=0.24-0.56, all P<0.01). Analysis of mediating effects revealed that moral sense of life affected prosocial behavior through three indirect pathways: the separate meditating effects of both meaning in life and empathy (the effect size=0.11, 0.06), accounting for 57.89% and 31.58% of the total indirect effect respectively), the chain mediating effect of meaning in life and empathy (the effect size=0.02), accounting for 10.53% of the total indirect effect. Meaning in life and empathy play a full mediating role in the relationship between moral sense of life and prosocial behavior. Conclusion:Moral sense of life can indirectly increase medical students′ prosocial behavior through meaning in life and empathy. Meaning in life and empathy exert a chain-mediating effect between moral sense of life and prosocial behavior.
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Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are an important target for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Safe and effective targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to HSCs, improvement of drug therapeutic effect, and reduction of toxic and side effects of off-target drugs are important measures for the development of anti-liver fibrosis drugs. A number of protein markers are elevated in activated HSCs, and thus their ligands are used for the specific delivery of anti-fibrotic drugs. This article summarizes the research advances in the treatment of liver fibrosis by targeting HSCs from the aspects of the type of drug carriers and target receptors.
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Objective:To explore the development and clinical application value of Nomogram model, a noninvasive early diagnosis model, in IgA nephropathy.Methods:The clinical data of 712 patients with primary glomerular disease diagnosed by renal histopathological examination in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University during October 1, 2010 to August 31, 2019 were collected retrospectively, including 241 cases of IgA nephropathy and 471 cases of non-IgA nephropathy. According to the time of case inclusion, the patients were divided into the training set ( n=426, 156 cases of IgA nephropathy and 270 cases of non-IgA nephropathy) and the validation set ( n=286, 85 cases of IgA nephropathy and 201 cases of non-IgA nephropathy). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression equations were used to analyze the risk factors for diagnosing IgA nephropathy in patients of training set. Nomogram model for noninvasive diagnosis of IgA nephropathy was established according to the akichi information criteria (AIC) and applied to the validation set for validation. The discriminant degree, calibration degree and clinical practicability of the model were verified and evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA), respectively. Results:Multivariate logistic regression results showed that the age ( OR=0.966, 95% CI 0.947-0.985, P=0.001), IgA/C3 ratio ( OR=1.889, 95% CI 1.468-2.432, P<0.001), serum albumin ( OR=1.091, 95% CI 1.047-1.136, P<0.001), total cholesterol ( OR=0.810, 95% CI 0.694-0.946, P=0.008), and gross hematuria ( OR=6.858, 95% CI 1.867-25.189, P=0.004) of patients with primary glomerular disease were independent factors for the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy. Nomogram diagnostic model was constructed based on the above indicators, and the areas under ROC curve were 0.880 and 0.887 respectively in the training set and the validation set. The calibration curve showed that the predicted probability of the model was in good agreement with the actual probability. DCA showed that the safety and clinical net benefit of the model were higher. Conclusions:The Nomogram model has high accuracy and clinical practicality in diagnosing IgA nephropathy, and can be used for noninvasive and early diagnosis of IgA nephropathy to enable patients to receive early treatment.
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Objective:To explore the effect of neurolysis and tendon transplantation in functional reconstruction of the upper limb with severe thermal crush injury.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 12 patients with thermal crush injuries of the upper limb admitted to Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University from January 2014 to December 2018. There were 9 males and 3 females, aged 22-54 years (mean, 38 years). The percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) burn ranged from 3% to 8% [(4.9±1.4)%], and wound depth was III degree. According to the damage condition of nerve/tendon and whether there was any dysfunction of the affected limb after wound healing, 12 patients received 2 to 4 times of neurolysis and tendon transplant-related surgeries, with an average surgery of 2.7 times. Among them, a total of 18 times of neurolysis were performed, including 7 times of radial neurolysis, 6 times of median nerve neurolysis and 5 times of ulnar neurolysis, and 14 times of tendon transplantation were done, including 6 times of anastomosis of superficial flexor tendon and long thumb extensor tendon, 5 times of tendon repair transplantation and 3 times of anastomosis of lateral wrist extensor tendon and long thumb extensor tendon. The time interval of each operation was 3-6 months [(4.5±1.0) months]. The Changhai pain ruler, disability of arm-shoulder-hand table (DASH) and joint activity assessment table were assessed before the first operation, 3 months and 6 months after the last operation.Results:All the patients were followed up for 6-12 months (mean, 9.2 months). The score of Changhai pain ruler in the affected limb improved from 3 (2, 3)points before surgery to 1 (0.5, 1)points 3 months after surgery and 1 (0, 1)points 6 months after surgery ( P<0.01). The score of DASH improved from (69.9±2.7) points before surgery to (35.1±1.7) points 3 months after surgery and (33.8±2.0) points 6 months after surgery ( P<0.01). The range of motion score was improved from (1.3±0.5) points before surgery to (2.4±0.5) points 3 months after surgery and (2.8±0.4) points 6 months after surgery ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Neurolysis and tendon transplantation in the treatment of severe thermal crush injuries of the upper limb can alleviate pain in the affected limbs, improve upper limb dysfunction, increase mobility of the palm and upper limb joints, and enhance the quality of life of the patients.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of self-help cognitive behavioral intervention on the recovery of patients with generalized anxiety disorder.Methods:A total of 123 patients with generalized anxiety disorder were recruited from a comprehensive hospital in Hunan province. The patients were randomly assigned into control group( n=62) and intervention group( n=61) according to random number table. The patients in the control group were received routine treatment alone, while the patients in the intervention group were received routine treatment and WeChat-based self-help cognitive behavioral therapy. The generalized anxiety disorder(GAD-7), self-rating depression scale(SDS), WHO quality of life scale(WHOQOL-BREF), Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) and medication adherence scale(MARS) were used to measure the anxiety, depression, quality of life, sleep quality and medication compliance at three time points: before intervention (T1), after intervention (T2) and during follow-up (T3). The SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze the data.Mean±standard deviation, frequency and constituent ratio were used to describe the data based on the type of data. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to compare the between-group variation, time effect and interaction effect of two groups at 3 time points. Results:The anxiety score of intervention group at T1, T2, T3 were (12.74± 2.02), (7.13± 1.48), (6.57±1.73) respectively, and the anxiety score of the control group were (12.08±2.11), (11.11±3.27), (10.11±3.33) respectively. Compared with the control group, the score of anxiety in the intervention group was significantly decreased at T2 and T3 ( P<0.05). Compared with control group, the sleep quality and quality of life of intervention group were significantly improved at T2, T3 ( P<0.05), and the medication compliance of the intervention group was significantly improved at T3 ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Self-help cognitive behavioral intervention can decrease anxiety significantly and improve the quality of life, sleep quality, and medication compliance in patients with generalized anxiety disorder.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and preliminary intervention regimens, and to provide a theoretical basis and new ideas for the effective prevention and treatment of MAFLD. MethodsA total of 158 MAFLD patients who underwent physical examination in Health Management Center of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from May to August 2019 or who were recruited through the WeChat official account of “Health Management Center of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital” were enrolled as subjects, and the patients were divided into control group with 52 patients, monthly follow-up group with 54 patients, and weekly follow-up group with 52 groups using a random number table. The patients in the control group were given health education alone on admission, and those in the monthly follow-up group and the weekly follow-up group were received the intervention of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise; in the monthly follow-up group and the weekly follow-up group, a sports bracelet was used to monitor the exercise and follow-up was performed through the WeChat platform at a frequency of once a month and once a week, respectively. The noninvasive liver fibrosis diagnosis system FibroTouch was used to evaluate the degree of fatty liver disease before and after intervention. The three groups were compared in terms of the changes in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hepatic fat attenuation index, liver stiffness, blood pressure, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TG), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol after 3 months of intervention. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups, and the paired t-test was used for comparison between two groups; the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups, and the Nemenyi test or Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test was used for comparison between two groups. ResultsA total of 147 patients completed the trial, with 49 patients in the control group (3 were lost to follow-up), 49 in the monthly follow-up group (5 were lost to follow-up), and 49 in the weekly follow-up group (3 were lost to follow-up). With the amount of exercise, which reached the target heart rate, 5 times a week for more than 30 minutes each time as the criteria, the rate of reaching the standard was 66.7% in the monthly follow-up group and 93.2% in the weekly follow-up group. There were no significant differences in each index between the three groups before intervention (all P＞0.05). The monthly follow-up group had a significant reduction in waist circumference after intervention (9339±9.24 cm vs 94.24±8.89 cm, t=2.590, P＜0.05). After intervention, the weekly follow-up group had significant reductions in BMI (26.46±3.36 kg/m2 vs 27.63±3.46 kg/m2, t=8.534, P＜0.001), waist circumference (87.04±8.84 cm vs 91.47±8.08 cm, t=6.854, P＜0.001), hepatic fat attenuation index (260.08±31.07 dB/m vs 287.88±23.28 dB/m, t=8.521, P＜0.001), diastolic blood pressure (76.78±11.23 mm Hg vs 79.27±12.36 mm Hg, t=2.106, P=0.040), ALT ［32(20-43) U/L vs 43(28-59) U/L, Z=-3.973, P＜0001］, GGT ［25(19-40) U/L vs 34(24-47) U/L, Z=-3.847, P＜0.001］, TG ［1.48 (1.20-2.02) mmol/L vs 2.04 (1.63-2.80) mmol/L, Z=-3.873, P＜0.001］, UA (381.53±71.89 μmol/L vs 414.37±81.27 μmol/L, t=3.953, P＜0.001), and FPG (5.05±0.58 mmol/L vs 5.21±0.71 mmol/L, t=2.185, P=0034). ConclusionModerate-intensity aerobic exercise can significantly reduce the serum levels of TG, ALT, and GGT and alleviate the degree of fatty liver disease in MAFLD patients, and weekly follow-up has a better management effect than monthly follow-up. The method of remote management based on sports bracelet and WeChat software is simple and easy, with a high level of acceptance among MAFLD patients.
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Objective@#To prepare a kind of lipid nanoparticle ultrasound contrast agents with the ability to target to viable myocardium for diagnosis.@*Methods@#The agent was a biotinylated, fluorescent-labelled, lipid-coated, liquid perfluorocarbon emulsion. Physico-chemical properties of the agent were measured, including size distribution, Zeta Potential, concentration and so on. Ischemia-reperfusion models were created in rats, and then exposed to biotinylated anti-MCP-1 monoclonal antibody, rhodamine avidin and biotinylated, FITC-labelled nanoparticles, respectively. Echocardiography was taken before and after injection. Frozen sections of their hearts were observed under fluorescence microscope.@*Results@#The particle diameter, zeta potential and concentration of lipid nanoparticles were (172.30±52.06)nm, (-33.10±6.50)mV and (2.28±0.46)×1011/ml, respectively. From the short-axis view, the myocardium under endocardium of anterior wall was enhanced obviously. While myocardium of other walls were still. The lipid nanoparticles located in the myocardium of anterior wall and gave out bright green and red fluorescence under fluorescence microscope, while neither lipid nanoparticles nor fluorescence were found in other sites of ventricular myocardium.@*Conclusions@#The viable myocardium can be targeted and acoustically enhanced by the self-made nano-scale ultrasound contrast agent. This new agent has potential to improve sensitivity and specificity for noninvasive identifying viable myocardium.
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Objective To prepare a kind of lipid nanoparticle ultrasound contrast agents with the ability to target to viable myocardium for diagnosis . Methods T he agent was a biotinylated ,fluorescent‐labelled ,lipid‐coated , liquid perfluorocarbon emulsion . Physico‐chemical properties of the agent were measured ,including size distribution ,Zeta Potential ,concentration and so on . Ischemia‐reperfusion models were created in rats ,and then exposed to biotinylated anti‐MCP‐1 monoclonal antibody ,rhodamine avidin and biotinylated ,FITC‐labelled nanoparticles ,respectively . Echocardiography was taken before and after injection . Frozen sections of their hearts were observed under fluorescence microscope . Results T he particle diameter ,zeta potential and concentration of lipid nanoparticles were ( 172 .30 ± 52 .06) nm ,( －33 .10 ± 6 .50) mV and ( 2 .28 ± 0 .46 ) × 1011/ml ,respectively . From the short‐axis view ,the myocardium under endocardium of anterior wall was enhanced obviously . While myocardium of other walls were still . T he lipid nanoparticles located in the myocardium of anterior wall and gave out bright green and red fluorescence under fluorescence microscope ,w hile neither lipid nanoparticles nor fluorescence were found in other sites of ventricular myocardium . Conclusions The viable myocardium can be targeted and acoustically enhanced by the self‐made nano‐scale ultrasound contrast agent . T his new agent has potential to improve sensitivity and specificity for noninvasive identifying viable myocardium .
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OBJECTIVE： To study the chemical constituents of ethyl acetate fraction of Panax ginseng fungal substance obtained by biotransformation， in order to obtain compounds with better activity and lower toxicity， and to provide reference for new drug R&D and the second development and utilization of P. ginseng. METHODS： Fungus of Code Name C-1 seed solution was added into the culture medium containing P. ginseng， and P. ginseng fungal substance was obtained by biotransformation； the dried P. ginseng fungal substance were weighed， extracting with 70％ ethanol solvent and concentrating to obtain thick paste. The thick paste was added with water suspension and extracted with ethyl acetate to obtain ethyl acetate fraction. TLC， silica gel column chromatography， ODS column chromatography and semi-prepared liquid phase were used to isolate and purify above ethyl acetate fraction， and the compound structure was identified according to physicochemical properties， hydrogen spectrum （1H-NMR） and carbon spectrum （13C-NMR） data. RESULTS： Eight compounds were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction of P. ginseng fungal substance and identified as ginsenoside Rs7 （1）， ginsenoside Rk3 （2）， oleanolic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （3）， ginsenoside Rs6 （4）， 20（R）-ginsenoside Rh1 （5）， ginsenoside F1 （6）， notoginsenoside R2 （7） and ginsenoside F4 （8）. CONCLUSIONS： All the above compounds were found in P. ginseng fungal substance， which compounds 3， 5， 6， 7 and 8 were obtained after biotransformation， proving that biotransformation technology can change the chemical composition of ginseng.
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Objective: To analyze contrast imaging characteristic and resistance to acoustic pressure of perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB) lipidic microbubbles and compared with perfluoropropane (C3F8) lipidic microbubbles in vitro. Methods: PFOB lipidic particles with biotin and C3F8 lipidic microbubbles with biotin were prepared, and the stability of them were evaluated. Then the agents were used for imaging before and after adding of avidin, and the signal intensity were compared. Both PFOB particles and C3F8 microbubbles were exposed in ultrasound field of low (MI=0.28) and high (MI=0.56) ultrasound pressure levels. Their signal intensity after different exposure time (10, 20, 30 s) were compared. Results: Aggregation occurred in both two contrast agents after addition of avidin,and the particle sizes were significantly larger before (both P<0.05). The differences of particle size between the two contrast agents were significant before (t=16.225, P<0.001) and after addition of avidin (t=-5.046,P<0.001). The concentration of PFOB lipid particles did not change significantly during the observation period of stability evaluation, while C3F8 microbubbles decreased with standing time. Addition of avidin produced significant imaging enhancement in PFOB particles. However, C3F8 microbubbles manifested ultrasonic backscatter before and after adding of avidin. The signal intensity of PFOB particles were stable under low (MI=0.28) and high acoustic pressure (MI=0.56). The signal intensity of C3F8 microbubbles decreased with the prolongation of exposure time under low (MI=0.28) and high acoustic pressure (MI=0.56). Conclusion: Compared with C3F8microbubbles, PFOB particles with smaller particle size and better resistance to acoustic pressure, more suitable for targeted contrast ultrasound imaging.
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Objective To investigate the clinical significances of additional chromosome abnormalities and t(15;17) in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Methods A total of 90 newly diagnosed APL patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2007 to June 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with different chromosome karyotypes were divided into four groups: additional chromosome number abnormalities group (16 cases), additional chromosome structural abnormalities group (14 cases), additional chromosome number and structural abnormalities group (4 cases) and typical chromosome group (56 cases). According to whether the patient contained t(15;17), the patients were divided into group with t (15;17) and group without t (15;17). The short-term efficacy and survival of each group were analyzed and compared. Results The rate of complete remission in additional chromosome number abnormalities group, additional chromosome structural abnormalities group, additional chromosome number and structural abnormalities group and typical t(15;17) chromosome changes group were 56.3％(9/16), 100.0％(14/14), 25.0％(1/4) and 82.1％(46/56), the early mortality rates were 25.0％(4/16), 0 (0/14), 75.0％(3/4) and 8.9％ (5/56) respectively. Among them, the additional number and structural abnormalities group had lower complete remission rate and higher early mortality rate, and compared with other groups, the differences were statistically significant (all P< 0.05). The complete remission rates of the group with t (15;17) and the group without t (15;17) were 80.5％ (66/82) and 50.0％ (4/8), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.070). Conclusions APL patients with karyotypes with additional number and structural changes have low complete remission rate, high early mortality rate and poor prognosis. Patients with t(15;17)have a high rate of complete remission.
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Cell-free synthetic biology system can perform biological transcription and translation process in vitro. Because of its advanced features, such as flexible openness, easy control, short expression time and high tolerance to cytotoxicity, this systemhas been successfully used to synthesize proteins that are difficult to express in cells. With the continuous development of cell-free biosensing technology and the lyophilization technology, its applications have widely expanded into many biomedical fields. This review discusses the current research progress of cell-free synthetic biology system in on-demand biopharmaceutical synthesis, portable diagnostics, and others. Further development of the system can lead to even more complicated synthesis of therapeutic proteins with post-translational modifications and evolution of different cell-free biosensors with high sensitivity. Cell-free synthetic biology as an emerging engineering strategy can be a better means applied to high-throughput screening of pharmaceutical proteins, detection of new pathogens, and other important health-care fields in the future.
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Biosensing Techniques , Cell-Free System , Industry , Synthetic BiologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene polymorphism and delayed cerebral edema in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).Methods 137 HICH patients were recruited to participate in the study.According to whether combined with delayed cerebral edema,they were divided into the case group (42 cases) and the control group (95 cases).Genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-FLP) for MMP-9 gene-1562C/T polymorphism.Clinical data was collected for statistical analysis.Results There was significant difference in age,diabetes,persistent fever,baseline hematoma volume and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) between the case group and the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,serum MMP-9 level of the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group [(176.7 ± 50.3) mg/L vs (145.8 ± 41.3) mg/L,P =0.000].There were significant difference in serum MMP-9 level between genotype CC and genotype (CT + TT) [(147.3 ± 45.0) mg/L vs (189.2 ± 59.4)mg/L,P =0.000].Compared with the control group,the distribution frequencies of allele T in the case group was significantly increased (P =0.019).Multivariatc Logistic regression analysis showed that Allele T was a risk factor of delayed cerebral edema for HICH patients (OR =2.612,95％ CI:1.187-6.670,P =0.005).Conclusions For spontaneous HICH patients,MMP-9 gene-1562C/T polymorphism may closely related to delayed cerebral edema.
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Objective To explore the diagnostic value of high frequency three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound in breast masses.Methods Seventy-seven cases of breast lesions were selected by 2D ultrasonic scan,and all the cases had been examined by 3D ultrasound and accepted surgical treatment in Shenzhen People's Hospital.With pathological results as the gold standard for diagnosis,the convergence sign in diagnosis of breast masses was used as malignant standard for 3D ultrasound coronal plane.The sensitivity and specificity were analyzed of 3D ultrasound in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors.Results A total of 77 cases of breast lesions included 46 malignant and 31 benign.3D ultrasound convergence sign was used to judge the benign and malignant breast tumors with statistical significance (x2 =26.790,P ＜ 0.01).The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 69.7％,and 90.3％,respectively.Conclusions High frequency 3D ultrasonography has certain value in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors,and has important significance for the formulation of treatment plan.